Competitiveness Determinants for the Egyptian Ports located on the Mediterranean: An Ordinal Logistics Regression Model

High-quality port infrastructure facilitates, the smooth flow of goods and commodities, reducing delays and costs associated with cargo handling and transportation, the Inter- port integration enhances the competitiveness of ports in attracting shipping lines and cargo owners. the Intra – port integration which is the coordination and collaboration among multiple ports within a region. The Inter-port integration refers to the coordination and collaboration among various terminals, facilities, and stakeholders within a single port complex or terminal area to optimize operational efficiency, enhance cargo throughput, and improve overall performance.
The aim of this study is to construct an index for the competitiveness for the Egyptian ports located on the Mediterranean Sea, these shall include the ports of Alexandria, Al Dekhila, East Port Said, West Port Said, and Domiate. A questionnaire was used for (117) maritime agents. The index created for the (14) services provided in these ports empirically explores determinants of competitiveness for the Egyptian ports located on the Mediterranean. The result of the study had shown that the main determinants of the competitiveness for the Egyptian ports located on the Mediterranean Sea are the speedy services, the Quality of the Infrastructure, and the Intra-ports integration, while the inter-port integration was not significant in determining the competitiveness for the Egyptian ports located on the Mediterranean Sea.